Optimization

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HUTAO: A Reconfigurable Homomorphic Processing UniT With Cache-Aware Operation Scheduling

HUTAO: A Reconfigurable Homomorphic Processing UniT With Cache-Aware Operation Scheduling 150 150
Author(s): Sijia Lu, Wenping Zhu, Bohan Yang, Jiajun Yang, Tongwei Dai, Chen Chen, Xiangdong Han, Jinjiang Yang, Hanning Wang, Min Zhu, Shaojun Wei, Aoyang Zhang, Leibo Liu

Abstract:

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) enables privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) at the cost of intensive computational overhead, which necessitates the use of domain-specific accelerators. To achieve comprehensive support for leveled FHE, this article presents a reconfigurable multi-scheme FHE processor that supports both client-side encryption/decryption and server-side evaluation. First, a reconfigurable …

Published in: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
Page(s): 1 – 15
Year of Publication: 2026
Electronic ISSN: 1558-173X
DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2026.3657525
Publisher: IEEE

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A 28-nm Digital Compute-in-Memory Ising Annealer With Asynchronous Random Number Generator for Traveling Salesman Problem

A 28-nm Digital Compute-in-Memory Ising Annealer With Asynchronous Random Number Generator for Traveling Salesman Problem 150 150
Author(s): Yuyao Kong, Haomei Liu, Vaidehi Garg, Shimeng Yu

Abstract:

This work presents a compact digital compute-in-memory (DCIM) Ising annealer targeting large-scale combinatorial optimization. A centroid-based weight mapping method combined with hierarchical clustering reduces the memory capacity required for traveling salesman problem (TSP) weights, enabling efficient mapping with limited on-chip storage. An asynchronous random number generator (ARNG) based on dual …

Published in: IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters
Page(s): 1 – 4
Year of Publication: 2026
Electronic ISSN: 2573-9603
DOI: 10.1109/LSSC.2025.3639178
Publisher: IEEE

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A Unified Early-Warning AVFS Design With Path Activation-Aware Monitoring Point Optimization

A Unified Early-Warning AVFS Design With Path Activation-Aware Monitoring Point Optimization 150 150
Author(s): Cai Li, Kaize Zhou, Junyi Qian, Haochang Zhi, Weiwei Shan

Abstract:

This work proposes a unified early-warning adaptive voltage-frequency scaling (AVFS) system that offers a practical low-power solution for commercial IoT devices. First, a path activation-aware monitoring point optimization strategy is proposed to mitigate the risk of illegal voltage scaling. The strategy combines the path activation evaluation with the required timing …

Published in: IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters
Page(s): 229 – 232
Year of Publication: 2025
Electronic ISSN: 2573-9603
DOI: 10.1109/LSSC.2025.3593960
Publisher: IEEE

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RXO-LDPC: A Physics-Inspired Relaxation Oscillator-Based Solver Leveraging Six-Body Spin Interactions for Soft Decoding of LDPC Codes

RXO-LDPC: A Physics-Inspired Relaxation Oscillator-Based Solver Leveraging Six-Body Spin Interactions for Soft Decoding of LDPC Codes 150 150
Author(s): Evangelos Dikopoulos, Luke Wormald, Ying-Tuan Hsu, Wei Tang, Po-Shao Chen, Zhengya Zhang, Michael P. Flynn

Abstract:

Physics-inspired computing harnesses continuous-time (CT) operation, massive parallelism, and direct compute load mapping to coupled CMOS-based spins to accelerate solving complex optimization problems. This work advances the field by introducing relaxation oscillator (RXO)-low-density parity check (LDPC), a combinatorial optimization problem (COP) engine that natively supports six-body spin interactions for …

Published in: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
Page(s): 1 – 14
Year of Publication: 2025
Electronic ISSN: 1558-173X
DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2025.3561780
Publisher: IEEE

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