Quantization (signal)

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A 23.4–42.1-GHz Fractional-N Synthesizer With ADC-Based Direct Phase Digitization

A 23.4–42.1-GHz Fractional-N Synthesizer With ADC-Based Direct Phase Digitization 150 150
Author(s): Hao Xu, Yizhuo Wang, Ziyang Jiao, Guoyu Li, Yiyun Mao, Shuai Liu, Yan Liu, Jimiao Sang, Qi Guo, Long Kong, Na Yan

Abstract:

A fractional-N digital phase-locked loop employs a novel analog-to-digital converter (ADC)-based phase detector (PD) to achieve direct phase digitization, thereby eliminating the need for a digital-to-time converter (DTC). The high PD gain reduces in-band phase noise, while its high linearity enables all-digital $\Sigma \Delta $ quantization noise cancellation. Implemented with …

Published in: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
Page(s): 1 – 15
Year of Publication: 2026
Electronic ISSN: 1558-173X
DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2026.3671094
Publisher: IEEE

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An Electrophysiology-Optogenetics Closed-Loop Bi-Directional Neural Interface for Sleep Regulation With 0.2-μJ/class Multiplexer-Based Neural Network

An Electrophysiology-Optogenetics Closed-Loop Bi-Directional Neural Interface for Sleep Regulation With 0.2-μJ/class Multiplexer-Based Neural Network 150 150
Author(s): Chao Zhang, Fenyan Zhang, Dawid Sheng, Zhixiong Ma, Yongxiang Guo, Chao Sun, Yuwei Zhang, Wenxin Zhao, Xing Sheng, Tongfei A. Wang, Milin Zhang

Abstract:

This work proposed a multiplexer-based neural network (MUXnet), a multiplexer-based, multiplier-free neural network (NN) structure applicable to the implementation of all inner product-based NN layers. An on-chip MUXnet-based neural signal processing unit (NSPU) was designed, achieving a state-of-the-art accuracy of 82.4% on a public human sleep staging dataset, with the lowest …

Published in: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
Page(s): 1 – 13
Year of Publication: 2026
Electronic ISSN: 1558-173X
DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2025.3639446
Publisher: IEEE

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A 39.4-mW 300 MHz-BW 70.9 dB-SNDR Hybrid ADC With Resistive Input and 200 fs, rms-Jitter Tolerance

A 39.4-mW 300 MHz-BW 70.9 dB-SNDR Hybrid ADC With Resistive Input and 200 fs, rms-Jitter Tolerance 150 150
Author(s): Yanquan Luo, Mingtao Zhan, Yi Zhong, Nan Sun

Abstract:

This letter presents a power-efficient hybrid ADC architecture: a low-resolution continuous-time (CT) delta-sigma modulator (DSM) followed by a time-interleaved pipeline stage which further quantizes the quantization noise of the DSM. In the frontend CT DSM, the resistive input makes the ADC easy-to-drive, and the direct-charge-dump feedback (DCD FB) provides a …

Published in: IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters
Page(s): 61 – 64
Year of Publication: 2026
Electronic ISSN: 2573-9603
DOI: 10.1109/LSSC.2026.3656180
Publisher: IEEE

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An 11.95-ENOB 560-MS/s Amplifier-Switching Subranging Analog-to-Digital Converter With Multi-Threshold Comparators

An 11.95-ENOB 560-MS/s Amplifier-Switching Subranging Analog-to-Digital Converter With Multi-Threshold Comparators 150 150
Author(s): Ritaro Takenaka, Tetsuya Iizuka

Abstract:

This article proposes a 14-bit, 560-MS/s subranging analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that employs an amplifier-switching architecture with multi-threshold comparators. The proposed amplifier-switching architecture reuses a flash quantizer multiple times during subranging conversion by amplifying the residue voltage with an appropriate gain at each quantization step. This approach reduces the required …

Published in: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
Page(s): 1 – 14
Year of Publication: 2026
Electronic ISSN: 1558-173X
DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2025.3647024
Publisher: IEEE

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A 92.1-dB SNDR Easy-Driving Two-Step NS-SAR-Based Incremental ADC With Concurrent Gain-Error Plus Noise Suppression

A 92.1-dB SNDR Easy-Driving Two-Step NS-SAR-Based Incremental ADC With Concurrent Gain-Error Plus Noise Suppression 150 150
Author(s): Chenyang Li, Tzu-Han Wang, Dongsuk Kang, Ken Li, Xitie Zhang, Wei-En Lee, Visvesh S. Sathe, Shaolan Li

Abstract:

This article presents a two-step incremental analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that achieves high resolution and energy efficiency while substantially easing the input driving constraints and interstage gain variation. By employing a level-shifted sub-ranging architecture with an input-tracking (IT) feature, the design obviates direct input sampling, thereby significantly relaxing the demands on …

Published in: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
Page(s): 1 – 14
Year of Publication: 2025
Electronic ISSN: 1558-173X
DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2025.3635146
Publisher: IEEE

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A 28-nm FeFET Compute-in-Memory Macro With 64×64 Array Size and On-Chip 4-Bit Flash ADC

A 28-nm FeFET Compute-in-Memory Macro With 64×64 Array Size and On-Chip 4-Bit Flash ADC 150 150
Author(s): Vaidehi Garg, Jianwei Jia, Omkar Phadke, Shimeng Yu

Abstract:

Compute-in-memory (CIM) using emerging nonvolatile memory devices is a promising candidate for energy-efficient deep neural network (DNN) inference at the edge. Ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) have recently gained attention as nonvolatile, CMOS-compatible devices with a higher on/off ratio and lower read and write energy compared to resistive random-access memory (…

Published in: IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters
Page(s): 13 – 16
Year of Publication: 2026
Electronic ISSN: 2573-9603
DOI: 10.1109/LSSC.2025.3640522
Publisher: IEEE

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A 500 MS/s Robust 2b/cycle Pipelined-SAR ADC Achieving 64.6-dB SNDR and 82.6-dB SFDR With Linearity Enhancement Techniques

A 500 MS/s Robust 2b/cycle Pipelined-SAR ADC Achieving 64.6-dB SNDR and 82.6-dB SFDR With Linearity Enhancement Techniques 150 150
Author(s): Qiang Yu, Zheng Zhu, Lulu Zhang, Qin Huang, Yao Feng, Chao Liang, Biao Hu, Ling Du, Rongbin Yang, Shuangyi Wu, Qiang Li

Abstract:

This letter presents a 14-bit 500-MS/s 3-stage pipelined successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC). By exploiting robust 2b/cycle SAR ADCs, this ADC incorporates significant voltage and time redundancy. High SFDR is achieved through several linearity enhancement techniques. First, a DAC splitting technique addresses the common-mode voltage matching …

Published in: IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters
Page(s): 9 – 12
Year of Publication: 2026
Electronic ISSN: 2573-9603
DOI: 10.1109/LSSC.2025.3639322
Publisher: IEEE

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MEGA.mini: An Energy-Efficient NPU Leveraging a Novel Big/Little Core With Hybrid Input Activation for Generative AI Acceleration

MEGA.mini: An Energy-Efficient NPU Leveraging a Novel Big/Little Core With Hybrid Input Activation for Generative AI Acceleration 150 150
Author(s): Donghyeon Han, Anantha P. Chandrakasan

Abstract:

This article presents a processor for the acceleration of generative AI (GenAI) based on a novel heterogeneous core architecture called MEGA.mini. The processor introduces three algorithmic features: 1) fixed-point (FXP) and floating-point (FP) hybrid input activation (IA) representation; 2) a delayed-statistics-based normalization (NORM); and 3) conditional polynomial-based nonlinear activation (NLA) approximation. These …

Published in: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
Page(s): 1 – 14
Year of Publication: 2025
Electronic ISSN: 1558-173X
DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2025.3626894
Publisher: IEEE

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A Calibration-Free Pipelined-SAR ADC With Cross-Stage Gain-Mismatch Error Shaping and Inherent Noise Shaping

A Calibration-Free Pipelined-SAR ADC With Cross-Stage Gain-Mismatch Error Shaping and Inherent Noise Shaping 150 150
Author(s): Jihang Gao, Yaohui Luan, Siyuan Ye, Jiajia Cui, Xinhang Xu, Linxiao Shen

Abstract:

This article presents a calibration-free pipelined-successive-approximation-register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) based on the proposed cross-stage gain-mismatch-error shaping (CS-GMES) mechanism. The CS-GMES is realized by including the entire 2nd stage into MES operation to unify the gain error and the 2nd-stage mismatch error. A feedback capacitor provides cross-stage connection and mismatch …

Published in: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
Page(s): 1 – 13
Year of Publication: 2025
Electronic ISSN: 1558-173X
DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2025.3624412
Publisher: IEEE

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