PAM4

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A 64-Gb/s/pin 0.25-pJ/b Single-Ended Short-Reach PAM4 Transceiver in 28-nm CMOS

A 64-Gb/s/pin 0.25-pJ/b Single-Ended Short-Reach PAM4 Transceiver in 28-nm CMOS 150 150
Author(s): Kshitiz Tyagi, Kunbo Ma, Joung Won Park, Behzad Razavi

Abstract:

We present a transceiver architecture for single-ended PAM4 signaling, introducing an inverter-based active-inductor-terminated front end that obviates the need for further equalizer stages, substantially reducing power and area. Realized in 28-nm CMOS technology, the four-lane link operates at 64 Gb/s/pin with a bit error rate (BER) less than $10{^{-12}}$ …

Published in: IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters
Page(s): 230 – 233
Year of Publication: 2026
Electronic ISSN: 2573-9603
DOI: 10.1109/LSSC.2026.3721808
Publisher: IEEE

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A 112-Gb/s PAM4 Receiver With a Phase Equalization AFE in 7-nm FinFET

A 112-Gb/s PAM4 Receiver With a Phase Equalization AFE in 7-nm FinFET 150 150
Author(s): Huanan Guo, Yufeng Yao, Xiang Gao

Abstract:

To reduce the bit-error-rate (BER), equalizers are implemented in high-speed SerDes receivers (RX) to compensate for channel insertion loss and mitigate intersymbol interference (ISI). Conventional analog front-end (AFE) designs primarily focus on amplitude gain while neglecting the influence of phase shift. This brief presents a phase equalization (PEQ) AFE design …

Published in: IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters
Page(s): 5 – 8
Year of Publication: 2026
Electronic ISSN: 2573-9603
DOI: 10.1109/LSSC.2025.3637833
Publisher: IEEE

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An 800GbE PAM-4 PHY Transceiver for 42 dB Copper and Direct-Drive Optical Applications in 7 nm

An 800GbE PAM-4 PHY Transceiver for 42 dB Copper and Direct-Drive Optical Applications in 7 nm 150 150
Author(s): Chang Liu, Burak Catli, Yong Liu, Anand Vasani, Guansheng Li, Kun Chuai, Lakshmi Rao, Yang Liu, Xin Meng, Jiawen Zhang, Tim He, Batu Dayanik, Vadim Milirud, Meisam Honarvar Nazari, Hyo Gyuem Rhew, Derui Kong, Arvindh Iyer, Nan Wang, Alireza Nilchi, Aminghasem Safarian, Ray Wang, Hyung-Joon Jeon, Xiaochen Yang, Boyu Hu, Jerry Han, Adesh Garg, Kumar Thasari, Heng Zhang, Namik Kocaman, Ali Nazemi, Delong Cui, Afshin Momtaz, Jun Cao

Abstract:

This work presents a low power DSP-based single-chip 800GbE PAM-4 PHY transceiver in 7 nm process capable of driving eight lanes of up to 112-Gb/s. It supports both electrical and optical links with monolithic integrated laser driver enabling direct-drive PAM-4 output capability for EML and silicon photonics. The transceiver supports 42 …

Published in: IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters
Page(s): 281 – 284
Year of Publication: 2025
Electronic ISSN: 2573-9603
DOI: 10.1109/LSSC.2025.3608134
Publisher: IEEE

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