Abstract:
This letter presents a low pixel-to-pixel variation (PPV) time-to-digital converter (TDC) array designed for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) applications. The TDC array is implemented in a 0.18 μm HV CMOS process, integrated with a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array. SPAD-based LiDAR systems require high-precision timing resolution across the entire sensing …